GABA is primarily known for its potential effects against depression and stress. But could it also play a role in lowering high blood pressure?
Let’s start by defining hypertension : this chronic condition, the most common in developed countries, is characterised by abnormally high blood pressure in the arteries.
Without a medical examination, it often goes unnoticed but is nonetheless responsible for many cardiovascular, cerebrovascular or neurodegenerative complications (heart attack, stroke, etc.) (1).
Blood pressure is considered normal when:
While blood pressure increases naturally with age, excess weight, a sedentary lifestyle, excessive salt consumption, alcohol and smoking are often contributing factors.
Heredity too, can play a part in the development of hypertension, as can certain diseases and medications.
We would, of course, recommend consulting a health professional if you experience an abnormal rise in blood pressure or are worried at all about your health.
While the primary approach to combatting hypertension involves changes to diet and lifestyle (losing weight, increasing physical activity, giving up alcohol and cigarettes, eating a balanced diet, etc.), a number of studies are now investigating the anti-hypertensive effects of an amino acid called GABA.
Naturally present in the body, gamma-aminobutyric acid, commonly known as GABA, is the central nervous system’s main inhibitory neurotransmitter.
In effect, it counterbalances the excitatory effects of glutamate and calms nerve cell activity.
It’s precisely this inhibitory role which is supported by certain anxiolytic drugs that target GABAergic receptors (2).
Produced by the body from glutamic acid, GABA is thus often considered to be the body’s natural anti-stress messenger (3).
It also plays a neurotrophic role, ie, it promotes the growth of certain neurons (4).
Scientists have also observed that the parts of the brain that control blood pressure (the solitary tract, the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and the rostral ventrolateral medulla) contain numerous GABA receptors and are directly influenced by this neurotransmitter (5).
Indeed in several studies, daily administration with GABA was shown to produce a significant fall in blood pressure in naturally hypertensive individuals within a few weeks (6-7).
The latest research in the field therefore suggests that GABA is a potential solution for helping to combat hypertension, by activating specific receptors in the central nervous system.
There are several different types of GABA supplement:
Each of these supplements has its own way of overcoming the difficulty of crossing the blood-brain barrier:
In addition to GABA supplementation, which is also believed to offer benefits for depression and sleep problems, there are other natural approaches to combatting hypertension such as:
Again, don’t hesitate to seek advice from your doctor, especially if you have a health concern, have diagnosed high blood pressure, or are already taking medication.
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